A
ABO blood group
antibodies 9-10
typing 9-10
Absorption rate
as determinant of substance plasma concentration 7-5
determinants of 7-5
Accuracy
definition 2-3
Acute phase proteins
clinical use 9-6
erythrocyte sedimentation rate 9-6
Acute phase response
acute phase proteins 9-6
definition 9-6
expression of 9-6
in infection 9-13
neutrophilia 9-13
Adulthood
as source of variability 6-7
Age
age-based variability 6-6
periods of life 6-6
Allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization
molecular diagnosis 10-5
Alpha-fetoprotein
as a cancer marker 11-5
Analytic methodology
in evaluation of classification studies 4-5
Analytic variability
definition 1-6
sources of 1-6
Antibodies
to ABO and Rh blood group antigens 9-10
to infectious agents 9-16
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
in infection 9-17
Anti-nuclear antibodies
in systemic autoimmune disease 9-7
Ascertainment bias
in evaluation of classification studies 4-2
Autoantibodies
anti-nuclear antibodies 9-7
in autoimmune disease 9-5
laboratory measurement 9-8
organ-localized disease 9-6
rheumatoid factors 9-7
systemic disease 9-6
table of high specificity autoantibodies 9-8
Autoimmune disease
organ-localized disease 9-6
pathobiology 9-5
systemic disease
acute phase response 9-6
autoantibodies 9-7
complement activation 9-7
B
Bayes’ formula
imprecision of probability estimates 3-12
in diagnostic classification
likelihood ratio form 3-10
sensitivity, specificity form 3-9
in drug toxicity 12-17
in prognostic classification
fraction correctly classified form 3-18
likelihood ratio form 3-17
multiple diagnostic study results
combination analysis 3-11
logistic function 3-11
serial analysis 3-10
multiple prognostic study results
logistic function 3-18
prior probability 3-8
posterior probability 3-9
bcr/abl
fusion gene
in chronic myelogenous leukemia 11-3, 11-5
Benign prostatic hyperplasia
screening for prostate cancer 11-7
Between-laboratory imprecision
causes 2-6
definition 2-6
Between-run imprecision
causes 2-5
definition 2-5
evaluating 2-20
Bias
method bias
causes 2-4
definition 2-4
ascertainment bias 4-2
diagnostic-review bias 4-2
incorporation bias 4-2
sampling bias 4-4
selection bias 4-4
test-review bias 4-5
work-up bias 4-4
Bioactive fraction
definition 7-13
determinants of 7-13
Index
2
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