Lee TH and Goldman L. 1986. Serum enzyme assays in
the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Recom-
mendations based on a quantitative analysis. Ann
Intern Med 105:221.
Linnet K. 1988. A review of the methodology for assess-
ing diagnostic tests. Clin Chem 34:1379.
Littenberg B and Moses LE. 1993. Estimating diagnostic
accuracy from multiple conflicting reports. Med Decis
Making 13:313.
Nierenberg AA and Feinstein AR. 1988. How to evaluate
a diagnostic marker test. JAMA 259:1699.
Morise AP, Diamond GA, Detrano R, Bobbio M, and
Gunel E. 1996. The effect of disease-prevalence
adjustments on the accuracy of a logistic prediction
model. Med Decis Making 16:133.
Poses RM, Cebul RD, Collins M, and Fager SS. 1986.
The importance of disease prevalence in transporting
clinical prediction rule. Ann Intern Med 105:585.
Qu Y, Tan M, and Kutner MH. 1996. Random effects
models in latent class analysis for evaluating accuracy
of diagnostic tests. Biometrics 52:797.
Ransohoff DF and Feinstein AR. 1978. Problems of
spectrum and bias in evaluating the efficacy of
diagnostic tests. N Engl J Med 299:925.
Schulzer M, Anderson DR, and Drance SM. 1991. Sensi-
tivity and specificity of a diagnostic test determined by
repeated observations in the absence of an external
standard. J Clin Epidemiol 44:1167.
Simon R and Altman DG. 1994. Statistical aspects of
prognostic factor studies in oncology. Br J Cancer
69:979.
Staquet M, Rozencweig M, Lee YJ, and Muggia FM.
1981. Methodology for the assessment of new
dichotomous diagnostic tests. J Chron Dis 34:599.
Torrance-Rynard VL and Walter SD. 1997. Effects of
dependent errors in the assessment of diagnostic test
performance. Stat Med 16:2157.
Tosteson AN and Begg CB. 1988. A general regression
methodology for ROC curve estimation. Med Decis
Making 8:204.
Walter SD and Irwig LM. 1988. Estimation of test error
rates, disease prevalence and relative risk from
misclassified data: a review. J Clin Epidemiol 41:923.
Wasson JH, Sox HC, Neff RK, and Goldman L. 1985.
Clinical prediction rules. Applications and methodo-
logical standards. N Engl J Med 313:793.
Werner M, Brooks SH, Mohrbacher RJ, and Wasserman
AG. 1982. Diagnostic performance of enzymes in the
discrimination of myocardial infarction. Clin Chem
28:1297.
White DB and James L. 1996. Standard error and sample
size determination for estimation of probabilities based
on a test variable. J Clin Epidemiol 4:419.
Yanagawa T and Gladen BC. 1984. Estimating disease
rates from a diagnostic test. Am J Epidemiol
119:1015.
Yang I and Becker MP. 1997. Latent variable modeling
of diagnostic accuracy. Biometrics 53:948.
Zhou XH. 1996. A nonparametric maximum likelihood
estimator for the receiver operating characteristic
curve area in the presence of verification bias.
Biometics 52:299.
Evaluating Classification Studies
4-12
